The Rheumatology Profile 4 (Systemic Lupus) Blood Test is a comprehensive diagnostic panel designed to evaluate markers specifically associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases. SLE is a chronic autoimmune disorder that can affect various organs, including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, and lungs. This profile helps diagnose lupus, monitor disease activity, and differentiate it from other connective tissue diseases.

Components of the Rheumatology Profile 4 (Systemic Lupus) Blood Test:

  • FBC
  • ESR
  • Anti-Nuclear Autoantibodies
  • DNA (Double Stranded)
  • Antibodies IgG
  • Antibodies to Extractable
  • Nuclear Antigens (ENA):
    • Anti-nRNP
    • Anti-Sm
    • Anti-Ro (SS-A)
    • Anti-La (SS-B)
    • Anti-Jo-1
    • Anti-Scl 70
    • Anti-CENP
  • RF
  • Anti-CCP Antibodies
  • Anti-Cardiolipin Autoantibodies
  • Complement 3/4
  • C Reactive Protein

Conditions Often Assessed with Rheumatology Profile 4:

  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
  • Lupus Nephritis
  • Sjögren’s Syndrome
  • Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (SCLE)
  • Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)
  • Overlap Syndromes (involving multiple autoimmune diseases)

When Is the Rheumatology Profile 4 Test Ordered?

  • Suspected Lupus: When a patient presents with symptoms such as joint pain, skin rashes (e.g., malar rash), photosensitivity, fatigue, or kidney issues.
  • Monitoring Lupus Activity: To assess disease progression or flares in patients with diagnosed lupus.
  • Differentiating Autoimmune Diseases: Helps distinguish SLE from other autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Sjögren’s syndrome.

Interpretation of Results:

  • Positive ANA, Anti-dsDNA, and/or Anti-Sm: Strongly suggestive of SLE, especially if clinical symptoms are consistent with lupus.
  • Low Complement Levels: Suggests active SLE, particularly in cases of lupus nephritis or during disease flares.
  • Elevated ESR: Indicates inflammation, which may be associated with active lupus or other autoimmune conditions.
  • Positive Anti-RNP: May indicate mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) or overlap syndromes involving SLE.

Conclusion:

The Rheumatology (Systemic Lupus) Blood Test is essential for diagnosing and monitoring systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related autoimmune diseases. By evaluating a combination of antibodies (such as ANA, Anti-dsDNA, and Anti-Sm), inflammatory markers (ESR and CRP), and complement levels, this profile provides a comprehensive view of lupus activity and helps guide diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Results – 2 days from Laboratory receiving sample

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